Avaliação dos processos de reparo em estruturas hidráulicas de usinas hidrelétricas submetidas aos esforços de erosão por abrasão e cavitação

Abstract

Structures in reinforced concrete of hydroelectric plants, when subjected to the stresses caused by water at high speeds, may have pathological manifestations that cause its degradation, such as erosion by abrasion and cavitation. Erosion by abrasion and cavitation can cause great damage to these structures, reducing their lifespan and increasing the need for constant repairs, which cause the need of stopping the generating units of electricity, reducing their generation and final revenue. As currently the energy demand in the country is large, the time available to perform preventive and corrective maintenance is greatly reduced, creating the need for more efficient and effective repairs. Thus, it is important to study the formation of these pathologies, as well as the search for new materials that meet these requirements. In this paper a literature review of the phenomena of abrasion by erosion and cavitation will take place, as well as a case study where two types of mortars used will be presented: polymer mortar and epoxy-polyamide resin based adhesive. The case was evaluated qualitatively, based on surveys conducted during preventive maintenance of the hydroelectric plant.