A influência do exercício físico nos parâmetros de média e da variabilidade da pressão arterial e nos sintomas dos pacientes com síncope vasovagal

Abstract

The vasovagal syncope is the main cause of loss of consciousness and postural tone. Exercise improves symptoms, but the effects on the blood pressure need to be further clarified. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of an exercise program on parameters of mean and variability of blood pressure and the influence of the program on the main symptoms of patients with vasovagal syndrome, along with conventional treatment of dysautonomia. A descreptive study was conducted with a purposive sample of 10 sedentary patients, with tilt test ("tilttabletest") positive for vasovagal syndrome, to practice supervised exercises for four months, with three sessions per week and sixty minutes per session. Patients underwent to Ambulatory Blood Pressure monitoring and answered to a questionnaire with three questions related to the incidence of major symptoms (syncope and pre-syncope, headache and dizziness) before and right after the training period. Statistical analysis of measured blood pressure during wakefulness were made with the T-test for dependent variables. The questionnaire was analyzed by the non-parametric Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). The results indicated that exercise did not bring statistically significant change in mean blood pressure of patients with vasovagal syndrome, but there was an increase in variability in diastolic blood pressure during wakefulness and improve of symptoms. All patients showed benefit in reducing syncope and pre-syncope (p<0.02 ), headache (p<0.02 ) and dizziness (p<0.04). Therefore, it was concluded that physical exercise for four months has brought significant relief of symptoms in patients with vasovagal syndrome.