Potencial antimicrobiano correlacionado as características físico-químicas de amostras do mel de Tetragonisca angustula Latreille, 1811 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) produzido no Estado do Paraná

Abstract

The honey bee is a biological product with a complex chemical matrix and has antibacterial properties, and its composition varies depending on the botanical origin, the species of bee production and climatic conditions of the region where it was produced. Bacteria have developed resistance to different antibiotics, stimulating research with honey. However studies on the antimicrobial properties of honey samples in Brazil are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of honey Tetragonisca angustula, through the characterization of the physicochemical parameters and the quantification of the levels of hydrogen peroxide and checking the correlation of these on antimicrobial activity. For that ten samples of honey T. angustula Paraná State against the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. The inhibition at different periods were compared with the value of the standard antibiotic inhibition zone. The Shapiro - Wilk test only one sample showed no inhibition zone of normality, with the result of the inhibition zones subjected to analysis of variance nonparametric Kruskal - Wallis test and Dunnett's. The results of physicochemical parameters were analyzed by H test and Dunnett's. The Pearson correlation to check the relationship of physicochemical parameters and hydrogen peroxide on the antimicrobial activity was employed. The results showed antimicrobial activity of honey T. angustula and that this biological activity has no correlation to the parameters analyzed and hydrogen peroxide, indicating that other factors are involved in antimicrobial potential. The S. aureus was sensitive to two honey samples within six hours and strength after nine hours of incubation. After eighteen hours of incubation, only the antibiotic amoxicillin showed inhibition. Samples showed the humidity variation due to different locations where they were produced and non-compliance with the current Brazilian legislation of honey from Apis mellifera.