Estudo da catálise básica na obtenção de biodiesel a partir do óleo residual de fritura

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable energy has taken the search for new energy sources such as biodiesel, because it is a fuel of vegetable origin, renewable sources. The residual oil from the cooking process has been widely used as raw material for biodiesel production because it is a residue that has generated many problems regarding their improper disposal. In this study, we evaluated the production of ethyl biodiesel from waste frying oil by the transesterification homogeneous base catalysis. NaOH and KOH was used as catalyst, the molar ratio oil/ethanol 1:6 to 1:9, the amount of catalyst 0.5% and 1.5% and the reaction conducted at 45 ° C for 45 min. The goal is to determine the best conditions for producing a biodiesel with acceptable performance and quality that follow the standards specified by the National Agency of Petroleum. The yields were above 64%, the best yield was 94.61% using 0.5% KOH and 1:9 molar ratio. The amount of catalyst was the variable that further shown influence on the reaction yield, as well as the color and acidity of biodiesel. Although the type of catalyst does not have much influence on the yield, the results showed that KOH is more efficient than NaOH in terms of yield.