Avaliação química de óleo essencial e alelopática de extrato hidroalcoólico de Artemisia vulgaris L

Abstract

The Plants have always been the primary means to mankind appealed to the treatment of diseases. While several plants have been studied with respect to the probable existence of bioactive constituents, there is still a plethora of plants that can serve as a basis for studies. The plant Artemisia vulgaris L., native to Asia, is a weed weed species that can cause major problems for agriculture. However, it is used as a natural medicine due to its rich composition of bioactive compounds. Within this context, the aim of this study was to determine the optimal extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation and production of alcoholic extract of leaves, stem and flower condition A. vulgaris and determine allelopathic potential of this species. The plant material was collected in São Jorge D'Oeste, in the west of Paraná. The dried material was used for testing optimization, using as dependent variables the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity by the DPPH method kidnapping and ABTS radicals. The optimization study showed that the essential oil drying time factor is significant and the best condition was obtained with a drying time of 120 hours and a period of 2 hours extraction. As for the production of the aqueous extract, the variable mass amount of Artemisia vulgaris is the most influential and the best condition was obtained with an extraction temperature of 70°C using 1 g of sample and extractant system water: ethanol 50:50 After optimization, new hydroalcoholic extract and essential oil in best condition were produced and evaluated for phenolic compounds and antioxidant content, high amount of the compounds of interest observable. From these, it was determined allelopathic activity showed that hydroalcoholic extract promoted the total inhibition of seed beggartick (Bidens pilosa L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at concentrations of 3-5 %.