Diagnóstico da certificação LEED no estado do Paraná: enfoque em novos empreendimentos e projetos de envoltória e parte central.

Abstract

The LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification is a label for sustainable buildings created in the United States in 2007. This certification is important because it aims at the sustainable development of the construction industry favoring the environmental performance of enterprises. Thus, the objective of this study is to diagnose the implementation of LEED certification in the state of Paraná, with the focus on categories LEED-NC (new construction and major renovations) and LEED-CS (core and shell development) and even the motivations and disincentives for its implementation from the point of view of businesses. Therefore, a literature review was conducted to familiarize the certification, a query to the database on the quantitative LEED registered and/or certified and finally, the application of two different questionnaires, one for builders that have the certification seeking to identify the key drivers and major difficulties, and another one for those without certification aiming to know the reasons of no interest by LEED. Questionnaires was applied for the 17 builders who have certification or are in the process to obtain it , and also sent to the 555 selected by the catalog of CREA - PR as representatives of construction companies without certification. Obtained a return rate of 17.6% for the first one and 3.6% for the second one. As a result, it was observed that there is an increased interest in certification by the bigger builders and commercial buildings with big area. Moreover, "environmental responsibility” was mentioned by 100% of respondents as the greatest motivator of implementation of certification," followed by "economic recovery units for sale" , "marketing" and "lower operating costs" with 67%. The " bureaucratic process", was appointed unanimously as the greatest difficulty in the implementation of LEED. As major disincentives of companies that do not have the certification, 38% agree that they are "the lack of information by constructors" and "not to demand from customers". With all this research it is concluded that the diffusion of requirements and data showing the benefits of LEED certification are essential for greater acceptance and compliance certification, since the companies that did not opt for the certification claimed ignorance of the favorable points. In addition, showed that LEED needs some adaptations that meet the priorities, technological conditions and Brazilian needs, making the certification most viable, mainly from an economic standpoint, for companies.