Avaliação hidrossedimentológica da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Quatorze, Francisco Beltrão (PR), por meio de modelo hidrológico computacional

Abstract

This monograph aims to address the study of sediment production by runoff, whereas its production in the Quatorze River Watershed predominantly by the municipality of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná. The process of erosion and drag the sediment to waterways is a natural phenomenon that have been exacerbated by inadequate practices of use, occupation and soil management, developed by a society strictly economic view. The specific objectives proposed for this work are: a) conduct a survey of the factors use and management of soil, topography and rainfall of Quatorze River Watershed, identifying their influence on the hydrosedimentological process; b) perform the simulation of production and drag sediment in the watershed and c) compare the hydrosedimentology of the different uses and occupations of the soil existing in the basin. To achieve these objectives the following methodology was used: a) research data in theoretical frame of reference specific of the basin; b) generation of spatial and tabular database data from the data collected and c) application of the SWAT model for simulation of the sediment production and runoff. The results obtained from the simulation were in relation the spatial distribution of the soil type and land use, runoff and annual sediment production in the 18 sub-basins of the Quatorze River Watershed. The use and occupation of soil shown to influence the erosion process, being generated small amounts of sediment in forested areas and large quantity in areas covered by agriculture. The topography also influenced sediment production, with lower soil loss in flat basins. These factors demonstrated influence directly runoff and consequently the sediment production. In general, despite the restrictions of input data and noncalibration, the model has proved to be relatively effective, providing information from support for environmental management use, occupation and soil management, reducing impacts on water resources.