Frequência dos visitantes florais do maracujá (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) e sua relação com a vegetação em uma propriedade localizada no município de Corumbataí do Sul - Paraná

Abstract

Brazil is the largest producer of passion fruit, highlighting the state of Bahia. This study aimed to assess whether there is influence of vegetation present around the plantation of passion fruit in the frequency of floral visitors of flowers in the municipality of Corumbataí do Sul. The study was conducted in a plantation of passion fruit during the months of February until May. Were selected within the growing area, nine-point observation, located at different distances from a forest fragment and with different levels of complexity of vegetation around. In dots, flowers were previously bagged and nectar was removed and its volume and concentration were measured. The floral visitors were observed for 10 days, between the hours of 13:00 and 16:00, where the species of visitors were recorded and their behavior during the visit. The frequency of visits was tested using analysis of variance with respect to different distances from the forest fragment and the various complexities of the surrounding environment. Nine species of insects visited the flowers of Passiflora edulis, among them Tetragona sp., and two species of Xylocopa acted as pollinators. The most common pollinator was Tetragona sp. The average nectar volume and concentration of sugars were 94μl and 44%, respectively. The complexity of the vegetation around the area of cultivation not influenced the frequency of pollinator visitation Passiflora edulis. However, the flowers more distant of fragment received fewer visits than the closest, which was not influenced by variation in the amount of nectar offered by flowers, demonstrating that the conservation of nearby vegetation to crops can contribute to pollination services.