Vermicompostagem a partir de dejeto de ovinos e bovinos com palha de cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Agricultural growth and the consequent waste generation point to the need for proper handling of waste. Aiming to evaluate the processes of vermicomposting of sheep and cattle manure with straw of sugar cane, it was compared two initial relationship of carbon/nitrogen, in order to verify the behavior of the decomposition of organic matter and the earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida. The work was segregated in characterization of waste, composting manure and vermicomposting. Both have been tested for the following treatments: T1 (30:1 - sheep manure + straw of sugarcane), T2 (19:1 -sheep manure + straw of sugarcane), T3 (30:1 - bovine manure + straw of sugarcane), T4 (19:1 - bovine manure + straw of sugarcane) e T5 (30:1 - sheep and bovine manure + straw of sugarcane). The process of composting manure was conducted over 34 days and monitored as the physico-chemical characteristics (pH, electrical conductivity, volatile solids, carbon, nitrogen, reduced weight and volume) and microbiological characteristics. Then entered the earthworms in the species Eisenia foetida, in 15 wormreactors, monitoring for 58 days the same physico-chemical, microbiological parameters and development of earthworms. During the precomposting the reductions in weight and bulk were most significant for T1. The values of pH and electrical conductivity were ideal for pre composting, with increase of the pH values for T1 and T3, and reduction of electrical conductivity for all treatments. Treatments 2, 4 and 5 showed higher values of nitrogen at the end of the pre composting. Treatment 4 presented less satisfactory performance in front of all monitored parameters. At the end of the pre composting microbiological analysis showed the sanitization about the species of bacteria E. coli. In vermicomposting the pH values increased progressively ranging between 9.2 and 9.9. The electrical conductivity increase in T4 and T5, however this increase has not interfered in the process. The values for C/N reduced in all treatments when compared to pre composting, indicating maturation of the compounds. The low values of ambient temperatures were harmful to earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida, causing 100% of deaths in treatments 1 and 3.