Machine Learning in the Classification of Soybean Genotypes for Primary Macronutrients’ Content Using UAV–Multispectral Sensor

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Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)-
Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)-
Autor(es): dc.contributorState University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)-
Autor(es): dc.contributorLouisiana State University-
Autor(es): dc.creatorSantana, Dthenifer Cordeiro-
Autor(es): dc.creatorTeixeira Filho, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto-
Autor(es): dc.creatorda Silva, Marcelo Rinaldi-
Autor(es): dc.creatorChagas, Paulo Henrique Menezes das-
Autor(es): dc.creatorde Oliveira, João Lucas Gouveia-
Autor(es): dc.creatorBaio, Fábio Henrique Rojo-
Autor(es): dc.creatorCampos, Cid Naudi Silva-
Autor(es): dc.creatorTeodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro-
Autor(es): dc.creatorda Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio-
Autor(es): dc.creatorTeodoro, Paulo Eduardo-
Autor(es): dc.creatorShiratsuchi, Luciano Shozo-
Data de aceite: dc.date.accessioned2025-08-21T23:18:18Z-
Data de disponibilização: dc.date.available2025-08-21T23:18:18Z-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2023-07-29-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2023-07-29-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2023-03-01-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051457-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/247009-
Fonte: dc.identifier.urihttp://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/247009-
Descrição: dc.descriptionUsing spectral data to quantify nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents in soybean plants can help breeding programs develop fertilizer-efficient genotypes. Employing machine learning (ML) techniques to classify these genotypes according to their nutritional content makes the analyses performed in the programs even faster and more reliable. Thus, the objective of this study was to find the best ML algorithm(s) and input configurations in the classification of soybean genotypes for higher N, P, and K leaf contents. A total of 103 F2 soybean populations were evaluated in a randomized block design with two repetitions. At 60 days after emergence (DAE), spectral images were collected using a Sensefly eBee RTK fixed-wing remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) with autonomous take-off, flight plan, and landing control. The eBee was equipped with the Parrot Sequoia multispectral sensor. Reflectance values were obtained in the following spectral bands (SBs): red (660 nm), green (550 nm), NIR (735 nm), and red-edge (790 nm), which were used to calculate the vegetation index (VIs): normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference red edge (NDRE), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI), modified chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index (MCARI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and simplified canopy chlorophyll content index (SCCCI). At the same time of the flight, leaves were collected in each experimental unit to obtain the leaf contents of N, P, and K. The data were submitted to a Pearson correlation analysis. Subsequently, a principal component analysis was performed together with the k-means algorithm to define two clusters: one whose genotypes have high leaf contents and another whose genotypes have low leaf contents. Boxplots were generated for each cluster according to the content of each nutrient within the groups formed, seeking to identify which set of genotypes has higher nutrient contents. Afterward, the data were submitted to machine learning analysis using the following algorithms: decision tree algorithms J48 and REPTree, random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression (LR, used as control). The clusters were used as output variables of the classification models used. The spectral data were used as input variables for the models, and three different configurations were tested: using SB only, using VIs only, and using SBs+VIs. The J48 and SVM algorithms had the best performance in classifying soybean genotypes. The best input configuration for the algorithms was using the spectral bands as input.-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Agronomy State University of São Paulo (UNESP), SP-
Descrição: dc.descriptionFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), MS-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Geography State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), MT-
Descrição: dc.descriptionLSU Agcenter School of Plant Environmental and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University, 307 Sturgis Hall-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Agronomy State University of São Paulo (UNESP), SP-
Idioma: dc.languageen-
Relação: dc.relationRemote Sensing-
???dc.source???: dc.sourceScopus-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjecthigh-throughput phenotyping-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectnutrient status-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectspectral bands-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectvegetation indices-
Título: dc.titleMachine Learning in the Classification of Soybean Genotypes for Primary Macronutrients’ Content Using UAV–Multispectral Sensor-
Tipo de arquivo: dc.typelivro digital-
Aparece nas coleções:Repositório Institucional - Unesp

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