Resource competition explains rare cannibalism in the wild in livebearing fishes

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Autor(es): dc.contributorRoyal Holloway University of London-
Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)-
Autor(es): dc.contributorNorth Carolina State University-
Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversity of Florida-
Autor(es): dc.contributorFlorida State University-
Autor(es): dc.contributorCase Western Reserve University-
Autor(es): dc.creatorRiesch, Rüdiger-
Autor(es): dc.creatorAraújo, Márcio S.-
Autor(es): dc.creatorBumgarner, Stuart-
Autor(es): dc.creatorFilla, Caitlynn-
Autor(es): dc.creatorPennafort, Laura-
Autor(es): dc.creatorGoins, Taylor R.-
Autor(es): dc.creatorLucion, Darlene-
Autor(es): dc.creatorMakowicz, Amber M.-
Autor(es): dc.creatorMartin, Ryan A.-
Autor(es): dc.creatorPirroni, Sara-
Autor(es): dc.creatorLangerhans, R. Brian-
Data de aceite: dc.date.accessioned2025-08-21T22:55:11Z-
Data de disponibilização: dc.date.available2025-08-21T22:55:11Z-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2023-03-01-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2023-03-01-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2022-05-01-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8872-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/240143-
Fonte: dc.identifier.urihttp://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/240143-
Descrição: dc.descriptionCannibalism, the act of preying on and consuming a conspecific, is taxonomically widespread, and putatively important in the wild, particularly in teleost fishes. Nonetheless, most studies of cannibalism in fishes have been performed in the laboratory. Here, we test four predictions for the evolution of cannibalism by conducting one of the largest assessments of cannibalism in the wild to date coupled with a mesocosm experiment. Focusing on mosquitofishes and guppies, we examined 17 species (11,946 individuals) across 189 populations in the wild, spanning both native and invasive ranges and including disparate types of habitats. We found cannibalism to be quite rare in the wild: most populations and species showed no evidence of cannibalism, and the prevalence of cannibalism was typically less than 5% within populations when it occurred. Most victims were juveniles (94%; only half of these appeared to have been newborn offspring), with the remaining 6% of victims being adult males. Females exhibited more cannibalism than males, but this was only partially explained by their larger body size, suggesting greater energetic requirements of reproduction likely play a role as well. We found no evidence that dispersal-limited environments had a lower prevalence of cannibalism, but prevalence was greater in populations with higher conspecific densities, suggesting that more intense resource competition drives cannibalistic behavior. Supporting this conclusion, our mesocosm experiment revealed that cannibalism prevalence increased with higher conspecific density and lower resource levels but was not associated with juvenile density or strongly influenced by predation risk. We suggest that cannibalism in livebearing fishes is rare in the wild because preying on conspecifics is energetically costly and only becomes worth the effort when competition for other food is intense. Due to the artificially reduced cost of capturing conspecifics within confined spaces, cannibalism in captive settings can be much more frequent.-
Descrição: dc.descriptionNational Science Foundation-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Biological Sciences Centre for Ecology Evolution and Behaviour Royal Holloway University of London-
Descrição: dc.descriptionInstituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Biological Sciences North Carolina State University-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Anthropology University of Florida-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Biological Sciences Florida State University-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Biology Case Western Reserve University-
Descrição: dc.descriptionInstituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)-
Descrição: dc.descriptionNational Science Foundation: DEB 0722480-
Descrição: dc.descriptionNational Science Foundation: DEB 0842364-
Idioma: dc.languageen-
Relação: dc.relationEcology and Evolution-
???dc.source???: dc.sourceScopus-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectGambusia-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectintraspecific competition-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectoptimal foraging theory-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectPoecilia reticulata-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectpopulation density-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectsize difference-
Título: dc.titleResource competition explains rare cannibalism in the wild in livebearing fishes-
Tipo de arquivo: dc.typelivro digital-
Aparece nas coleções:Repositório Institucional - Unesp

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