Lipid microspheres containing urea for slow release of non-protein N in ruminant diets

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Autor(es): dc.contributorFederal University of Campina Grande-
Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)-
Autor(es): dc.contributorFederal University of Ceará-
Autor(es): dc.contributorUniversidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)-
Autor(es): dc.creatorNetto, Antonio Joelson-
Autor(es): dc.creatorDe Azevedo Silva, Aderbal Marcos-
Autor(es): dc.creatorBezerra, Leilson Rocha-
Autor(es): dc.creatorDe Barros Carvalho, Ariádne-
Autor(es): dc.creatorDa Silva Agostini, Deuber Lincon-
Autor(es): dc.creatorVasconcelos De Oliveira, Diego Lomonaco-
Autor(es): dc.creatorMazzetto, Selma Elaine-
Autor(es): dc.creatorViana Kotzebue, Lloyd Ryan-
Autor(es): dc.creatorRibeiro Oliveira, Jéssica-
Autor(es): dc.creatorOliveira, Ronaldo Lopes-
Autor(es): dc.creatorPereira Filho, José Morais-
Autor(es): dc.creatorDa Silva, André Leandro-
Data de aceite: dc.date.accessioned2025-08-21T18:22:46Z-
Data de disponibilização: dc.date.available2025-08-21T18:22:46Z-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2022-04-29-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2022-04-29-
Data de envio: dc.date.issued2021-12-31-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AN20694-
Fonte completa do material: dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/231533-
Fonte: dc.identifier.urihttp://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/231533-
Descrição: dc.descriptionContext: Urea is widely used in ruminant diets as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN), partially substituting for true protein in feed, but high levels of urea in the diet may cause toxicity. Aims: This study investigated the microencapsulation of urea in carnauba wax for slow release in the rumen to improve the N efficiency and growth of sheep. Methods: Two microencapsulated systems were developed with urea:carnauba wax ratios (w/w) of 1:2 (U12) and 1:4 (U14). Based on the initial characterisation, only U12 was examined in an in vivo experiment with Santa Ines crossbred male sheep (n = 40) initially weighing 28 ± 0.6 kg at 270 days of age. The experimental arrangement was a completely randomised design, and the animals were distributed into four treatments i.e. four levels of inclusion (0, control 15 30 and 45 g/kg DM) of microencapsulated urea in the diet. Key results: The dietary inclusion of microencapsulated urea was associated with linear increases (P ≤ 0.05) in the intake of DM and metabolisable energy, the digestibility of crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates and fibre fractions, and N balance. Additionally, liveweight gain and feed efficiency increased quadratically (P < 0.001). There were also linear reductions (P < 0.001) in blood urea and urinary urea concentrations. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that the inclusion of up to 30 g/kg U12 microencapsulated urea can be recommended as a source of slow-release urea in sheep diets since it improved the performance and feed efficiency and promoted lower concentrations of blood urea and urinary urea. Implications: The use of urea microencapsulated in carnauba wax can reduce the risk of urea toxicity and provide a safer way to supply NPN to ruminants and improve N utilisation.-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Animal Science Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Avenue Universitária, Caixa Postal 61-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Physics Chemistry and Biology State University of São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Ceará, Rua do Contorno, , Ceará-
Descrição: dc.descriptionDepartment of Animal Science Federal University of Bahia, Ondina, Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500-
Formato: dc.format191-200-
Idioma: dc.languageen-
Relação: dc.relationAnimal Production Science-
???dc.source???: dc.sourceScopus-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectagricultural innovations-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectcarnauba wax-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectfood chemistry-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectmicroencapsulation-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectnitrogen-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectruminants-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectsheep nutrition-
Palavras-chave: dc.subjectslow-release urea-
Título: dc.titleLipid microspheres containing urea for slow release of non-protein N in ruminant diets-
Tipo de arquivo: dc.typelivro digital-
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