ETIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATORY ABDOMEN: A NARRATIVE REVIEW (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the main etiologies of acute inflammatory abdomen, clinical manifestations and therapeutic approach carried out in each case. Bibliographical Review: Acute abdomen is a clinical condition characterized by pain and severe sensitivity, which may begin suddenly or progressively due to some peritoneal irritation. It is characterized by a situation of difficult evolution as well as categorization according to its severity, which generates delays in emergency management and increased morbidity and mortality. The causes of abdominal origin responsible for inflammatory-type acute abdomen are acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, diverticulitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, intracavitary abscesses and peritonitis. The main focus in cases of acute abdomen is the accurate early diagnosis of the etiology, in order to initiate appropriate treatment. The treatment of acute inflammatory abdomen is mostly surgical. In selected cases, clinical treatment is necessary before the patient has an operation indicated. Final considerations: Given the difficulty of establishing an accurate diagnosis at the first moment and due to the large number of manifestations, it is important that during the initial examination some serious diseases that require surgical intervention are excluded, as delays in diagnosis and treatment affect the patient's prognosis.