Deaths from aortic aneurysms and dissections and mortality from endovascular repairs in the elderly population (Atena Editora)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Aortic aneurysms and dissections represent vascular conditions with high rates of morbidity and mortality due to fatal consequences, especially in the elderly population. The prevalence and mortality associated with aortic aneurysms and dissections are multifactorial, mainly involving associated comorbidities, such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia and smoking. The advent of endovascular repair techniques, such as endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and endovascular dissection repair (TEVAR), has brought new perspectives for the treatment of these conditions. OBJECTIVE: To analyze mortality from aortic aneurysms and dissections and hospital mortality from endovascular repairs in the elderly population. METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, based on the survey of data on deaths due to aneurysms and aortic dissections, available in the TABNET/DATASUS Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULT: There was an increase in mortality due to aneurysms and aortic dissections in the elderly population, especially from 2021 onwards. In relation to the age group, the population aged 75-79 recorded the highest number of deaths, in addition to the male population being the most affected. Regarding hospital mortality due to endovascular corrections, there was a reduction in deaths throughout the studied period, with endovascular repair of abdominal aortic and iliac aneurysms being the procedure with the highest mortality. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study highlight the need for public health interventions aimed at preventing and controlling aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections in the elderly population. Effective strategies could include screening programs for early detection and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.