Impact of using nasal CPAP in the delivery room on respiratory stabilization of premature newborns (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Interventions in the delivery room have changed in an attempt to improve the prognosis of premature newborns (PTNB), the use of nasal continuous positive pressure (CPAP) has been shown to be effective soon after birth, avoiding orotracheal intubation and the resulting complications of invasive mechanical ventilation. The study aims to analyze the impact of using prophylactic nasal CPAP in the delivery room on preterm infants to avoid the use of invasive ventilatory support. The early application of nasal CPAP was carried out shortly after the birth of the newborn (NB), still in the delivery room, according to institutional protocol criteria. Inclusion criteria: Newborns with gestational age up to 33 and 6/7 weeks of gestation (<34 weeks) or up to 1,500g. Those newborns who did not require invasive support within 48 hours of birth were considered successful in using the resource. 92 PTNBs were included in the protocol from June/2021 to December/2023. 24 newborns were excluded from the protocol according to the exclusion criteria. Of the 68 newborns eligible for CPAP, 89.7% (61) did not require invasive support, which was considered successful. We found a success of 89.7% in the use of this resource, which, in an early and non-invasive manner, proves to be important in preventing complications related to invasive ventilatory support.