Facial Trauma: A Literature Review on this Complex Approach (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Introduction: Facial trauma is a multifaceted clinical challenge that affects not only physical health, but also the functional and psychosocial aspects of affected individuals. The face, as an anatomically crucial and expressive region, contains delicate and vital structures, making injuries in this area particularly important and difficult to manage. Methods: This study is a literature review whose objective is to evaluate the epidemiology, etiologies, most affected series and consequences of facial trauma. Therefore, studies were listed between 1988 and 2013, and their results were organized in this review. Discussion and Results: Data analysis reveals that young adults are the most affected, especially due to urban violence, while children and the elderly have a lower incidence of facial trauma. Factors such as violence and alcoholism are major precipitants of facial trauma. Conclusion: An integrated approach to the management of facial trauma is necessary, considering not only clinical aspects, but also psychosocial and economic aspects, in order to address this important cause of trauma in the country and the world.