SURGICAL TREATMENT OF COMPLEX WOUNDS (Atena Editora)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Wound is defined as the loss of skin coverage, not only of the skin, but also of the subcutaneous tissues, muscles and bones. Wounds can be conceptualized as "breaks in the continuity of body structures" or as "rupture of normal tissue structures and functions". They can be caused by traumas that have an internal or external origin to the affected tissue and range from an acute and controlled injury to a generalized aggression METHODOLOGY: This is a literature review, of a narrative type, which aims to describe the surgical treatment of wounds complex, from a theoretical point of view, through materials that have already been published on the topic in question, through analysis and interpretation of the literature. The inclusion criteria were: articles in Portuguese and English; published between 2019 and 2024 and which addressed the themes proposed for this research, review-type studies made available in full. The exclusion criteria were: duplicate articles, available in abstract form, which did not directly address the proposal studied and which did not meet the other inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Traumatic wounds are caused by severe trauma, resulting in injuries with extensive skin loss and damage to tissue viability, such as detachment wounds on the lower limbs, amputations of limbs and fingers, as well as contusions, lacerations and large crushes, with tissue exposure. nobles. More extensive and deeper burns can be considered complex wounds, but, traditionally, they are separated and treated in specialized centers. Complicated surgical wounds result from the dehiscence of incisions from previous surgery, generally associated with infection or tissue ischemia, and aggravated by the patients' clinical conditions. CONCLUSION: The proposed article reveals that in many cases only therapeutic treatment is instituted, leaving aside preventive therapy, a factor that in the long term, assiduously results in the worsening of the patient's clinical conditions. When analyzing health services, it is clear that the implementation of preventive therapies contributes greatly to accelerating hospital discharge, as well as promoting socioeconomic benefits for the services used and the patients in question.