FACTORS INVOLVED IN COMPLIANCE WITH NURSING CARE TO PREVENT PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH MECHANICAL VENTILATION (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Abstract Health Care Associated Infections (HAI) represent a threat to patient safety, presenting a greater number of cases in Intensive Care Units (ICU); highlighting Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation (VAP), occurs in 10 and 20% of patients undergoing mechanical ventilatory assistance, with mortality between 24 and 50%.

Goal: To analyze the factors involved in compliance with nursing care to prevent pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the ICU of the Dr. Raymundo Abarca Alarcón General Hospital, in Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero. Method: Quantitative, observational, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study. With a sample of 15 nursing professionals and 15 patients, the NAVMUCI instrument is applied Factors related to the level of compliance of nursing staff with the non-pharmacological measures of the protocol for preventing pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit adult, this is a risk-free research, a signed informed consent is requested and the privacy of the participants is respected. Results: The dimensions evaluated were: structure, process and result. In the structure dimension, it was visualized with higher percentages of no compliance with 46.7% and minimum compliance with 24.4%. For the process dimension, higher percentages of non-compliance were obtained with 88.9%, followed by minimal compliance 6.7% and partial compliance 4.4%. The result dimension showed levels of no compliance at 42.2%, minimum compliance 40%. At a global level in the three dimensions, a higher percentage of non-compliance was found with a representation of 86.7%. Regarding the associated factors that influence compliance with nursing care for the prevention of VAP, they are: that nursing professionals do not work overtime; for the patients they were age and comorbidities; for the process: wash your hands before touching the patient and before performing an aseptic task, turn off the tap with a sanita, do not perform bronchial washings and oral hygiene. Conclusion: the level of compliance with nursing care for the prevention of VAP in the dimensions of structure, process and result was located in higher percentages of non-compliance, repeating these percentages at a global level. The factors associated with compliance with nursing care in the prevention of VAP are: that professionals do not work overtime; for patients are: age and having comorbidities. For the process: wash hands before touching the patient and before performing a clean or aseptic task; close the tap with a sanita; Do not perform bronchial washings and perform oral hygiene. On the part of the hospital, there are opportunities to correct, strengthen and train nursing professionals, to provide care with higher levels of safety and quality, avoiding this public health problem.