BILIARY ILEUS SYNDROME AND THE IMPORTANCE OF DIAGNOSIS AND EARLY SURGICAL APPROACH IN THE EMERGENCY. (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Gallstone ileus syndrome is a rare and potentially serious cause of obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract due to the impaction of a stone originating in the bile duct. It is a complication of gallbladder stone disease, affecting mainly elderly people between 65 and 75 years old, with a predominance of females. ¹ ². The pathophysiology consists of a condition of cholelithiasis that evolves into the formation of a bilioenteric fistula, which in up to 60% of cases is a cholecystoduodenal communication, allowing the passage of the stone to the gastrointestinal tract³. The clinical picture presents symptoms of complete or incomplete intestinal obstruction. This pathology represents 1-4% of cases of mechanical intestinal obstruction ¹ ². Early diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention can reduce morbidity and mortality rates resulting from this disease ³. This study reports an elderly patient with a classic clinical history in the literature who, after early diagnosis, had a good evolution due to the correct surgical approach and good medical and hospital care, with a positive outcome.