ADHD FROM A NUTRITIONAL PERSPECTIVE (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by distraction, anxiety, impulsive behaviors and excessive motor activity, in addition to the attention deficit itself. The most common is that it is diagnosed in childhood, and the most indicated treatment is a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Although the causes of ADHD are still unclear, studies show that the origin of such disorder is multifactorial, involving allergies to food and chemical additives, genetic issues, eating disorders, among other factors. This work aims to gather information available in the literature regarding the influence of diet and nutrition on the development of ADHD in children. For that, the method used was an integrative literature review, with an exploratory character, through research in scientific articles that deal with the subject. Nutrients are extremely important for the functioning of the brain, and alterations in some regions may interfere with the ability to maintain attention and self-control of behavior. In addition, inadequate nutrition during prenatal care can lead to epigenetic changes that affect the child's brain development during pregnancy. In addition, children with ADHD have dietary deficiencies, such as deficiency in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, zinc, iron, B complex vitamins and vitamin D. Some ways to reduce symptoms are related to improving diet, with the intake of the mentioned nutrients and the exclusion of foods with potential allergens, such as gluten, milk, oilseeds, chocolate and eggs. This exclusion must not be total: attempts must be made, in which there is a reduction in symptoms as one of these types of food is eliminated. If it is noticed that the symptoms are directly related to any of these foods, they must be removed from the child's diet. You must also avoid eating large amounts of foods high in sugar, dyes and preservatives. Therefore, nutrition can be a great ally in the treatment of individuals with ADHD, through a diet that combines the inclusion of agents that protect and help brain functioning with the exclusion of foods that serve as triggers that contribute to this disorder.