SPONTANEOUS DISSECTION OF THE BASILAR ARTERY: CASE REPORT (Atena Editora)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The main cause of ischemic stroke in young people is arterial dissection due to trauma. Dissections that occur without obvious trauma, structural connective tissue or arterial disease are termed spontaneous. There is a correlation between the presence of a previous history of migraine in patients with spontaneous arterial dissection when compared to patients with stroke due to another etiology. CASE REPORT: Adolescent, female, 16 years old, history of migraine, with no other comorbidities. He presented intense pain in the cephalic region, evolving immediately with loss of consciousness, decerebration, without previous traumatic brain injury. Contrast-enhanced cranial computed tomography performed in the acute phase showed hyperdensity in the basilar artery with filling failure after contrast, suggesting a thrombus in its interior. complete provided. Left triceps, biceps, styloradial, patellar and Achilles hyperreflexia. And the right patellar hyperreflexia. Finger flexor reflex present bilaterally. Tromner and Hoffman positive. Absence of clonus. Plantar cutaneous reflex extended to the left and indifferent to the right. Pseudobulbar affect, left gaze palsy, absent gag reflex. She underwent brain magnetic resonance angiography 25 days after the event, showing a caliber reduction of approximately 50% in the middle third of the basilar artery. During hospitalization, a negative investigation for vasculitis and thrombophilia was performed. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In the case report, a cerebrovascular accident was evidenced after spontaneous dissection of the basilar artery in a young patient with previous migraine generating the Basilar Artery Syndrome characterized by motor and oculomotor signs and symptoms and alteration in the level of consciousness.