APPLICABILITY OF MONOCLONAL IMMUNOMODULATORS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES: WHAT DOES THE FUTURE PROMISE? (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Monoclonal immunomodulators are a class of drugs that regulate the immune system and are used in the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These two diseases are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss. Monoclonal immunomodulators work by blocking specific molecules involved in the immune response, thereby reducing intestinal inflammation. An example of a monoclonal immunomodulator used in the treatment of these diseases is infliximab, which binds to the TNF-α molecule, reducing inflammation in the intestine. Other monoclonal immunomodulators include adalimumab, certolizumab, and golimumab. These medications are typically prescribed for patients with Crohn's disease or moderate to severe ulcerative colitis who do not respond well to other treatments, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. They are given intravenously or subcutaneously, with frequency varying according to the specific drug and the severity of the condition. Despite being effective in treating Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, monoclonal immunomodulators have some side effects, such as allergic reactions, infections, reactivation of latent infections, and increased risk of certain types of cancer. Therefore, it is important that patients receiving these drugs are carefully monitored by a physician specializing in gastroenterology. In summary, monoclonal immunomodulators are an effective treatment option for patients with Crohn's disease and moderate to severe ulcerative colitis who do not respond well to other therapies. However, these drugs can have significant side effects and must be prescribed and monitored carefully, taking into account the risks and benefits to the patient.