INFLUENZA VIRUS INFECTION IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND REPORT (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Caused by Influenza A, B, C or D viruses, mainly during autumn and winter. In healthy children, it usually acts as an acute, self-limited and uncomplicated disease, and may have an unfavorable presentation in a group of children with risk factors. In pediatric patients, the main risk factors include age (under 5 years and especially under 2 years), residents in long-term institutions and comorbidities, which include asthma, chronic lung diseases, neurological, hematological, renal, metabolic, cardiac and immunosuppression status. The main and most effective form of disease prevention is immunization, which has become an important public health measure in the prevention of severe cases and deaths from Influenza, however, antiretroviral medications can also be used for prevention in a certain group of people in which the vaccine is contraindicated or may react with inadequate response. According to the Ministry of Health, Influenza infection can be classified into Gripal Syndrome (GS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and has a national surveillance network whose main objective is to create an epidemiological profile, with identification of the virus. and creation of a flowchart, important in decision-making, with timely treatment and quality care for patients with SARS. Since the flu is a seasonal disease, with new cases expected annually, the correct diagnosis and identification of SARS, with early intervention, is fundamental for the reduction of morbidity and mortality due to Influenza, mainly in children, with adequate classification and treatment, the main points addressed in this study.