PROMISING ACTION OF IRISIN IN THE TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a central role in the initiation and progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) due to its high oxygen utilization rate; high content of polyunsaturated lipids that are susceptible to lipid peroxidation; and poor concentrations of antioxidants. Studies suggest that amyloid beta plaques cause cognitive damage by interrupting synaptic function leading to an underregulation of these networks and compromising anatomically and functionally interconnected brain areas. Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine released upon cleavage of the membrane-bound precursor protein fibronectin type III containing protein 5 (FNDC5), also expressed in the hippocampus. FNDC5/irisin dysfunction impairs long-term potentiation and recognition memory. On the other hand, increasing brain levels of FNDC5/irisin increases synaptic plasticity and memory. Thus, FNDC5/irisin is an important mediator of the beneficial effects of exercise capable of opposing memory impairment in AD. Regarding the Methodology, a qualitative exploratory study was carried out, with a bibliographic character and a theoretical survey based on scientific articles on the implications of irisin in the treatment of AD. For the result and discussion: Studies indicate that the brain with AD has a smaller amount of irisin and that this substance has a protective potential for neurons, preventing the amyloid β protein from binding to them, preventing neuronal loss. that FNDC5/irisin levels are reduced in the hippocampus and cerebrospinal fluid being a promising alternative in the treatment of AD, however, there is a need for further studies to prove its effectiveness.