IMPORTANCE OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES DURING PRENATAL (Atena Editora)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Heart diseases form the most prevalent group of congenital anomalies at birth. They are considered the main cause of morbidity, mortality and disability associated with congenital malformations. Currently, the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases can be performed through morphological ultrasound, fetal echocardiography and genetic tests, during prenatal care. This way, prenatal diagnosis is extremely important, since it allows a better follow-up of the pregnancy, with adequate guidelines and planning, in the search for the reduction of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to review the literature and interpret the data on prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases in order to reaffirm the importance of this still in the gestational phase. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative literature review regarding the following hypothesis that guides the research problem: How important is prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease in prenatal care? Publications from the last 4 years in Portuguese, English or Spanish were included, provided that their approach contributed to the thesis under analysis. After the selection and collection of articles, a summary and discussion of the results was carried out based on their interpretation and data synthesis. RESULTS:In the present integrative review, 14 articles met the previously established inclusion criteria. Regarding the type of research design of the articles evaluated, the sample showed: six literature reviews, two epidemiological studies and other case reports. CONCLUSIONS: In the last 4 years, all studies have positively reinforced the importance of instilling the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in the level of prenatal care. This strategy aims to better elucidate cardiological treatment of conceptuses with heart disease and, therefore, may represent the difference between life and death in the perinatal period, as well as impacting the reduction of costs for the health system.