Socio-Spatial Inequalities and Environmental and Sociocultural Existential Minimum in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: fundamental rights, sanitation challenges and social health conditions (Atena Editora)

Abstract

The material and symbolic reproduction of life depends on the realization ofguarantee the fundamental rights to drinking water, sanitation, a healthy and ecologically balanced environment, associated with the inviolability of the principles of socio-environmental existential minimum and human dignity and the aim was to investigate the relationship between socio-spatial inequalities in access to sanitation and health threats in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (RMS), Bahia, Brazil. An interdisciplinary approach was adopted, covering the use of water quality indicators, sanitation indicators, social health conditions and the adoption of space as a category of social analysis. It was revealed that the child population (< 5 years old) of the groups that declared themselves to be brown or black, regardless of sex, have the greatest social demand for hospitalizations for diarrhea and public policies for access to sanitation, a healthy environment and ecologically balanced and health, especially in the municipalities of Itaparica and Vera Cruz. The infant mortality rates (IMR) and the infant mortality rate (IMR) in the RMS were similar to what was observed in Latin America and the Caribbean, but differed from the IMR and IMR in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, in South America. North, Western Europe and Australia and New Zealand. There is a demand for environmental management and public policies that focus on improving education and sanitation, reducing the number of hospitalizations for diarrhea and preventable deaths of children in the RMS.