THE PERPETUATION OF OBSTETRIC VIOLENCE IN BRAZIL AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS: A LITERATURE REVIEW (Atena Editora)

Abstract

About a decade ago, the WHO recognized obstetric violence as a public health problem. However, there are still many women who report the suffering experienced as parturient. It often goes unnoticed to the most trained eyes, however, it is more closely linked to a certain social class, commonly explicit, with psychological, physical and often sexual aggression. This is a literature review, using scientific articles referring to obstetric violence in Brazil. Articles from the following databases were used: Scielo and the Virtual Health Library. 346 articles with the theme were verified; however, after analysis, 341 were excluded. Finally, the study consisted of 5 publications. Among the research carried out, the largest number of articles belonged to the year 2018, totaling 289 (83%); followed by 2019, totaling 41 (12%). The others dated from 2020 and 2021, 08 (2.5%) in each year. However, only 5 (1.4%) referred to the importance of the topic addressed, therefore, used. It was observed that paternalistic medicine and disregard for the opinion of patients are critical aspects of Brazilian health that are rooted and normalized, constantly going against Article 31 of the Code of Medical Ethics. Therefore, the resistance of obstetric violence over the years and the appearance of it in different forms at the time of childbirth is admitted, not just physical or sexual violence, but being closely linked to negligence, either by omission of care or by and psychological violence. This situation is the result of a patriarchal and oppressive mentality that disregards the woman's subjectivity and her right to quality medical care, a factor of direct impact on the quality of life and her performance during childbirth.