Umbilical Hernia in Newborns: A Narrative Review of Clinical Features and Current Management Strategies (Atena Editora)

Abstract

Introduction Umbilical hernia is a prevalent condition in neonates, characterized by the protrusion of abdominal contents through an incompletely closed umbilical ring. While often benign and self-limiting, understanding its clinical features and management strategies is essential for optimal patient care.​ Objective This review aims to synthesize recent literature on the clinical presentation, natural history, and management approaches for umbilical hernias in newborns, providing healthcare professionals with updated insights into effective treatment modalities.​ Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published within the last five years. Inclusion criteria encompassed original research articles, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines addressing umbilical hernia in neonates.​ Results and Discussion The majority of umbilical hernias in newborns are asymptomatic and tend to resolve spontaneously by the age of 5 years. However, factors such as defect size and patient age can influence the likelihood of spontaneous closure. While conservative management is generally preferred, surgical intervention may be warranted in cases of large defects, lack of closure by age 5, or complications such as incarceration. Recent studies have explored non-operative techniques like adhesive strapping, though these methods require careful consideration due to potential complications.​ Conclusion Umbilical hernias in newborns typically have a favorable prognosis with spontaneous resolution. A tailored approach, considering individual patient factors, is essential in deciding between conservative management and surgical intervention. Ongoing research and adherence to updated clinical guidelines will further enhance patient outcomes in this common pediatric condition