http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/capes/31859 Mon, 04 May 2026 07:29:22 GMT 2026-05-04T07:29:22Z http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/230257 Título: Medical cannabinoids for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: a systematic review Descrição: INTRODUCTION: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are an integral component of the natural history of dementia, occurring from prodromal to advanced stages of the disease process and causing increased burden and morbidity. Clinical presentations are pleomorphic and clinical management often requires combinations of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. However, limited efficacy and a non-negligible incidence of adverse psychotropic drug events emphasize the need for novel therapeutic options. OBJECTIVES: To review the evidence supporting use of medical cannabinoids for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of dementia. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the medical literature to examine scientific publications reporting use of medical cannabinoids for treatment of NPS. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were used to search for relevant publications and only papers reporting original clinical information were included. A secondary search was performed within selected publications to capture relevant citations that were not retrieved by the systematic review. The papers selected were categorized according to the level of evidence generated by the studies in relation to this clinical application, i.e. (1) controlled clinical trials; (2) open-label or observational studies; and (3) case reports. RESULTS: Fifteen publications with original clinical data were retrieved: five controlled clinical trials, three open-label/observational studies, and seven case reports. Most studies indicated that use of medical cannabinoids engendered favorable outcomes for treatment of NPS related to moderate and advanced stages of dementia, particularly agitation, aggressive behavior, sleep disorder, and sexual disinhibition. CONCLUSION: Medical cannabinoids constitute a promising pharmacological approach to treatment of NPS with preliminary evidence of benefit in at least moderate to severe dementia. Controlled trials with longitudinal designs and larger samples are required to examine the long-term efficacy of these drugs in different types and stages of dementia, in addition to their adverse events and risk of interactions with other drugs. Many pharmacological details are yet to be determined, such as dosing, treatment duration, and concentrations of active compounds (e.g., cannabidiol [CBD]/ Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] ratio) in commercial preparations of medical cannabinoids.; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM-27) Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil. Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (InBion) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Brazil. Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Campus de Rio Claro; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM-27) Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil. Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (InBion) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Section of Old Age Psychiatry World Psychiatric Association; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM-27) Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil. Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (InBion) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Brazil. Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Campus de Rio Claro Fri, 29 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/230257 2022-04-29T00:00:00Z http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/249924 Título: Civic engagement and higher education: The 2014 elections and the political behavior of Brazilians Descrição: The objective of this chapter is to analyze the influence of the variable schooling on the political behavior of Brazilians. It starts from the assumption that this is an independent variable capable of awakening a more interested, participatory and coherent behavior, therefore, engaged citizens. In this sense, we seek to verify that Brazilian citizens are informed and interested in politics; motivated to participate in elections and other political activities; and their assessment and satisfaction with the democratic process. In particular, there is the behavior of those who have completed higher education, compared to other levels of education in order to identify distinct behavioral patterns. From the data obtained by ESEB 2014 and descriptive analysis of the data, we applied the logistic regression model relating the variable schooling and other variables grouped into four categories: a) socioeconomic aspects; b) information and interest in politics; c) participation in the elections, in traditional and nontraditional political activities; and d) evaluation and political satisfaction. Among the most educated, we have predominance of women, a younger audience and with family income subtly than the less educated. They tend to behave differently: they are slightly more informed and interested in politics; despite the low percentages found, they are the ones that participate in political activities in general; they are the ones who support democracy, but the most dissatisfied with their operation. This study allows us to understand the behavior patterns of Brazilians and, more specifically, the most educated, poorly studied by political science in Brazil.; Graduate Program of Social Science Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Graduate Program of Social Science Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Sat, 29 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/249924 2023-07-29T00:00:00Z http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/231095 Título: Collective Hamiltonians in the generator coordinate method: Isoscalar monopole vibrations in light spherical nuclei Descrição: A procedure for constructing a collective Hamiltonian for a given nuclear collective motion is developed from the generator coordinate method. The procedure is based on the construction of a collective subspace of the many-body Hilbert space, and this is achieved by the diagonalization of the generator coordinate method overlap kernel. The Weyl transformation makes the connection between nonlocal phase space Hamiltonian kernels, obtained from the generator coordinate method, and operators in the collective space. The Gaussian overlap approximation and monopole vibrations in light spherical nuclei are studied in this formalism. NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Generator coordinate method. Weyl transformation. Collective Hamiltonians. Application to the monopole giant resonance. © 1981 The American Physical Society.; Instituto de Física Teórica, São Paulo; Instituto de Física Da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo Fri, 29 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/231095 2022-04-29T00:00:00Z http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/257050 Título: Efeito da exposição aos herbicidas glifosato e 2,4-D, e suas misturas, sobre as respostas fotossintéticas de espécies de macroalgas de riachos; Effect of exposure to glyphosate and 2,4-D herbicides, and their mixtures, on the photosynthetic responses of Macroalgae species of streams Descrição: A literatura tem descrito que os resíduos de agrotóxicos que atingem rios, riachos e lagos por lixiviação provocado pela água da chuva e/ou dispersão em nuvem pelo vento podem produzir efeitos imprevisíveis, principalmente nos produtores primários desses ambientes, como as macroalgas de riachos. Neste contexto, quatro espécies de macroalgas de riachos pertencentes ao Filo Chlorophyta, Aegagropilopsis clavuligera, Arnoldiella emedii, Nitella microcarpa var. wrightii e Oedogonium sp., foram submetidas a experimentos nos quais amostras foram expostas a três concentrações (0,28; 3,5 e 6 mg [i.a.].L-1) de um herbicida à base de glifosato (formulação comercial Roundup®), a três concentrações (0,30; 2 e 10 mg [i.a.].L-1) de um herbicida à base de 2,4-D (formulação comercial Bratt®), e à misturas destes dois herbicidas. Após a exposição, as respostas fotossintéticas obtidas a exposição aos herbicidas demonstraram resultados variados entre as espécies de macroalgas analisadas. Para Aegagropilopsis clavuligera, todos os parâmetros (Y(II), Y(NPQ), Y(NO)) mostraram diferenças significativas: Y(II) foi maior em misturas de Roundup® e Bratt®, indicando maior rendimento fotossintético; Y(NPQ) e Y(NO) foram superiores em tratamentos com Roundup®, indicando maior estresse fisiológico. Arnoldiella emedii apresentou diferenças significativas em Y(NPQ) e Y(NO), com maiores valores de Y(NPQ) no grupo controle e menores valores de Y(NO) em tratamentos com Bratt®. Nitella microcarpa var. wrightii mostrou diferença apenas em Y(NPQ), com valores maiores para Roundup® em 6 mg/L. Por fim, Oedogonium sp. não exibiu variações significativas em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. Com base nos resultados do estudo sobre o efeito da exposição aos herbicidas concluímos que as respostas fotossintéticas variaram de acordo com a espécie, foram observados poucos efeitos negativos, mesmo nas concentrações mais altas das misturas de herbicidas.; The literature reports that pesticide residues reaching water bodies through leaching by rain or dispersion by wind can cause unpredictable effects, especially on primary producers in these environments, such as stream macroalgae. This study evaluated the effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide (Roundup®) and a 2,4-D-based herbicide (Bratt®) on four species of stream macroalgae from the Chlorophyta Phylum: Aegagropilopsis clavuligera, Arnoldiella emedii, Nitella microcarpa var. wrightii, and Oedogonium sp. Samples were exposed to three concentrations of each herbicide and to binary combinations of the concentrations. Photosynthetic responses varied among species. For Aegagropilopsis clavuligera, all photosynthetic parameters (Y(II), Y(NPQ), Y(NO)) showed significant differences, with higher photosynthetic yield in herbicide mixtures and greater physiological stress with Roundup®. Arnoldiella emedii had significant differences in Y(NPQ) and Y(NO), with higher Y(NPQ) in the control group and lower Y(NO) with Bratt®. Nitella microcarpa var. wrightii showed an increase in Y(NPQ) with Roundup® at 6 mg/L. Oedogonium sp. showed no ignificant variations in any parameter. It is concluded that photosynthetic responses varied according to species, with few negative effects observed even at the highest herbicide mixture concentrations.; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Capes: 001 Thu, 15 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/11449/257050 2024-08-15T00:00:00Z